That's exactly the issue – so it depends on the kind of RAW format ! CCD and camera manufacturers produce all kinds of light sensitive arrays and generate various extra data to store into their image formats.
This is i.e. a typical (and popular) Bayer pattern of pixels:
But that's just one (simplified) example of many patterns.
Oorspronkelijk geplaatst op Quora: RAW files store 3 colors per pixel, or only one?"